Paraiyan (Christian traditions) in India
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Map Source:
People Group data: Omid. Map geography: UNESCO / GMI. Map Design: Joshua Project
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| People Name: | Paraiyan (Christian traditions) |
| Country: | India |
| 10/40 Window: | Yes |
| Population: | 795,000 |
| World Population: | 812,000 |
| Primary Language: | Tamil |
| Primary Religion: | Christianity |
| Christian Adherents: | 100.00 % |
| Evangelicals: | 0.00 % |
| Scripture: | Complete Bible |
| Ministry Resources: | Yes |
| Jesus Film: | Yes |
| Audio Recordings: | Yes |
| People Cluster: | South Asia Christian |
| Affinity Bloc: | South Asian Peoples |
| Progress Level: |
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Introduction / History
The Paraiyan people, also known as Parayan or Christian Adi Dravida, primarily speak Tamil, the dominant language of Tamil Nadu and surrounding regions. Historically, the Paraiyan community has been part of the Dalit caste and faced significant social exclusion.Christian missionary efforts, especially during the colonial period, led many Paraiyans to convert to Christianity, seeking dignity, education, and spiritual renewal. Today, they form a distinct Christian tradition within the broader Paraiyan ethnic group.
What Are Their Lives Like?
Paraiyan Christians often live in rural and semi-urban areas of southern India. Many work in agriculture, manual labor, or government jobs secured through affirmative action. Education levels are improving, and younger generations are increasingly pursuing higher education and professional careers. Despite progress, many still face social stigma and economic challenges due to their caste background. Community life is strong, with churches often serving as centers for both spiritual and social support.
What Are Their Beliefs?
The majority of Paraiyan Christians are affiliated with Roman Catholic and Protestant denominations. Their faith is expressed through regular church attendance, prayer meetings, and participation in Christian festivals. The Bible is available in Tamil, and many churches offer discipleship programs and youth ministries. While their Christian identity is strong, some cultural practices and beliefs from their pre-Christian past may still influence their worldview.
What Are Their Needs?
Continued discipleship and biblical literacy are needed to deepen their faith. Training for pastors and lay leaders is essential to strengthen local churches.Paraiyan Christians need economic empowerment. Many families need access to sustainable livelihoods and vocational training. This will involve scholarships and mentoring for students, which can help break cycles of poverty.
Prayer Points
Pray for spiritual revival and a deeper understanding of the gospel among Paraiyan Christians.Ask God to raise up strong, biblically grounded leaders within their communities.Pray for economic opportunities and educational advancement for Paraiyan youth.Intercede for healing from caste-based wounds and for unity in the body of Christ.Pray for boldness in sharing the gospel with neighboring unreached groups.