Afro-Argentine in Argentina

Introduction / History

The Afro-Argentine population traces its roots to enslaved Africans brought to Argentina during the transatlantic slave trade, primarily from West and Central Africa, including Angola and the Democratic Republic of Congo. These individuals were forced to work in agriculture, domestic service, and skilled trades, especially in Buenos Aires, which became a hub for the slave trade.

Historically, Afro-Argentines made up a significant portion of the population—up to 50% in some cities during the 18th and 19th centuries. However, their numbers declined due to war casualties, disease outbreaks, racial intermixing, and deliberate government policies aimed at "whitening" the population. Today, Afro-Argentines represent less than 1% of the national population, though recent census efforts have begun to recognize their presence more accurately.

Spanish is the primary language, but minority languages such as Haitian Creole, Wolof, and Portuguese are also spoken within the community.

What Are Their Lives Like?

Afro-Argentines often live in urban centers like Buenos Aires, Córdoba, and Rosario. Despite their deep historical roots in Argentina, many face systemic racism, social exclusion, and economic hardship. Discrimination has led to limited access to education, healthcare, and employment opportunities. Community organizations have emerged to advocate for visibility, rights, and cultural preservation.

Cultural traditions remain strong, with music and dance—especially candombe and tango—serving as vibrant expressions of identity. These art forms, rooted in African rhythms, are celebrated during festivals and community gatherings.

What Are Their Beliefs?

Most Afro-Argentines identify as Christian, with Roman Catholicism being the dominant tradition. However, many also practice Afro-Latin religions such as Santería, Umbanda, and Candomblé, which blend African spiritual traditions with Catholicism and indigenous beliefs. These faiths often involve ancestor veneration, spirit possession, and rituals that connect practitioners to their African heritage.

There is also a growing interest in Afrocentric expressions of Christian faith, which emphasize African cultural identity within biblical spirituality.

What Are Their Needs?

Legal and social recognition is essential for Afro-Argentines to access public services and be included in national statistics and policy frameworks. Their historical invisibility has perpetuated marginalization and limited their ability to advocate for their rights.

Educational inclusion and support are needed to address structural barriers that prevent Afro-Argentines from completing secondary education and accessing higher education. Tailored programs could empower youth and foster leadership within the community.

Recent political shifts have led to the dismantling of institutions that supported Afro-descendant rights, increasing vulnerability to racism and social exclusion.

Prayer Points

Pray for spiritual revival among Afro-Argentine Christians, that their faith may deepen and flourish despite societal challenges.
Lift up Afro-Argentine youth, that they may find identity, purpose, and hope in Christ, and be equipped to lead future generations.
Ask God to raise up leaders and churches who will minister across racial and cultural boundaries with compassion and justice.
Pray for bold witness and discipleship movements, that Afro-Argentine believers would be empowered to share the gospel and disciple others.

Text Source:   Joshua Project