Taroko, Truku in Taiwan

Introduction / History

The Taroko people, also known as Truku, are one of Taiwan’s officially recognized indigenous groups, with a population of approximately 32,333 as of 2020. Their native language is Truku, a member of the Austronesian language family. Though closely related to the Atayal and Seediq languages, Truku has developed distinct features due to centuries of separation.Historically, the Taroko migrated from western Taiwan across the Central Mountain Range to settle in the Liwu River valley in eastern Taiwan. Their name derives from “Truku Truwan,” a region formed by three river valleys. The Taroko were previously classified under the Atayal group until they gained official recognition as a separate tribe in 2004.They fiercely resisted Japanese colonization, most notably in the Truku War of 1914, which led to forced relocations and cultural suppression.

What Are Their Lives Like?

Traditionally, the Taroko practiced slash-and-burn agriculture, cultivating millet, corn, and sweet potatoes. They also engaged in hunting, fishing, and weaving, with women playing a central role in textile production. Weaving is not only a craft but a rite of passage—girls must master it before receiving facial tattoos and marrying.Their homes range from sunken wooden houses to bamboo-walled structures, adapted to mountainous terrain. Villages are organized into galang (community units), which share rituals, hunting grounds, and responsibilities. Social structure is clan-based, with chiefs and warriors distinguished by ceremonial shell clothing.Modern Taroko communities are concentrated in Hualien County, though many have integrated into broader Taiwanese society. Despite modernization, traditional arts like xylophone music and Jew’s harp playing remain vital expressions of identity.

What Are Their Beliefs?

Tarokos follow a traditional belief system centered on utux rudan, or ancestral spirits. Their worldview is governed by gaya, an unwritten moral code that dictates behavior in rituals, marriage, and community life. Facial tattoos, once essential for spiritual passage, symbolized readiness for adulthood and acceptance by the ancestors.Villages maintain sacred boundaries marked by stones, and rituals are performed to honor ancestors and ensure communal well-being. While Christianity has made inroads, primarily through missionary efforts, many Tarokos still blend Christian teachings with traditional animistic practices.

What Are Their Needs?

Many rely on agriculture and tourism, which are vulnerable to environmental and economic shifts.Land rights: Historical land expropriation during Japanese rule and modern development have limited access to ancestral territories.Spiritual engagement: While some Taroko have embraced Christianity, there is a need for discipleship that respects and integrates their cultural identity.Youth empowerment: Younger Taroko often struggle with identity and cultural continuity, especially in urban settings.

Prayer Points

Pray that the Taroko people would encounter Jesus as the fulfillment of their ancestral hopes.Lift up local churches and ministries working among the Taroko.Pray for deep, culturally sensitive discipleship that affirms their identity in Christ.Pray for Taroko youth to find purpose through faith in Christ and community.

Text Source:   Joshua Project