Yaka in Congo, Democratic Republic of

Introduction / History

The Yaka people are an ethnic group primarily located in the southwestern region of the Democratic Republic of Congo, near the border with Angola. A small number are in Angola. Historically, the Yaka migrated from Angola in the 16th century and settled under the influence of the Kongo Kingdom. Over time, they established their own kingdom, integrating both Kongo and Lunda traditions. Their society is known for its resilience, especially during colonial times, and for its cultural heritage, including elaborate masks and sculptures used in rituals and ceremonies.

What Are Their Lives Like?

Rural Yaka communities rely on subsistence farming, cultivating cassava, corn, sweet potatoes, and beans. Women are primarily responsible for agriculture, while men engage in hunting, often using dogs and traditional weapons. Many Yaka men migrate to urban centers like Kinshasa to work in trade. Their material culture is vibrant, with wood carvings, basketry, metalwork, and weaving being central to their economy and artistic expression. Yaka masks, known for their bulky forms and spiritual symbolism, are widely recognized and imitated by neighboring tribes.

What Are Their Beliefs?

While the majority of Yaka people identify as Christian—primarily Roman Catholic—traditional religious practices remain influential. Their spiritual worldview includes reverence for ancestors and the use of masks and sculptures in ceremonies. These artifacts are believed to channel divine energy and are used in initiation rites, healing rituals, and social ceremonies. The Yaka also honor a creator god (ndzambyaphuungu), though worship is typically directed toward ancestors and spiritual forces.

What Are Their Needs?

The Yaka face significant challenges, including intercommunal conflict—particularly with the neighboring Teke people—over land rights and customary fees. This violence has displaced thousands, destroyed villages, and disrupted access to food, healthcare, and education. Many Yaka live in precarious conditions, relying on host families and humanitarian aid.

Prayer Points

Pray for peace and reconciliation between the Yaka and Teke communities, and for healing among those affected by violence and displacement.Pray for a Holy Spirit-led revival within Yaka churches, that believers would grow in love and obedience to Christ.Pray that soon Yaka Christians will become Christ’s ambassadors to African Muslims.Pray for the translation and distribution of Scripture in the Yaka language, so that God's Word may reach hearts and transform lives.Pray for economic stability and abundant harvests, that the Yaka may see God's provision and respond with praise.

Text Source:   Joshua Project